The capital and largest city of Slovenia:

Ljubljana is the capital and largest city of Slovenia. It is the country’s cultural, educational, economic, political and administrative center.

During antiquity, a Roman city called Emona stood in the area. Ljubljana itself was first mentioned in the first half of the 12th century.

Situated at the middle of a trade route between the northern Adriatic Sea and the Danube region, it was the historical capital of Carniola, one of the Slovene-inhabited parts of the Habsburg monarchy.

It was under Habsburg rule from the Middle Ages until the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1918.

After World War II, Ljubljana became the capital of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia, part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

The city retained this status until Slovenia became independent in 1991 and Ljubljana became the capital of the newly formed state.

Geography:

The city covers 163.8 km2 (63.2 sq mi). It is situated in the Ljubljana Basin in Central Slovenia, between the Alps and the Karst.

Ljubljana is located some 320 km (200 mi) south of Munich, 477 km (296 mi) east of Zürich, 250 km (160 mi) east of Venice, 350 km (220 mi) southwest of Vienna, 124 km (77 mi) west of Zagreb and 400 km (250 mi) southwest of Budapest.

Ljubljana has grown considerably in the past 40 years, mainly by merging with nearby settlements.

Geology:

The city stretches out on an alluvial plain dating to the Quaternary era.

The mountainous regions nearby are older, dating from the Mesozoic (Triassic) or Paleozoic.

Earthquakes have repeatedly devastated Ljubljana, notably in 1511 and 1895.

Climate:

Ljubljana's climate is oceanic (Köppen climate classification: Cfb), bordering on a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa), with continental characteristics such as warm summers and moderately cold winters.

July and August are the warmest months with daily high temperatures generally between 25 and 30 °C (77 and 86 °F), and January is the coldest month with temperatures mostly around 0 °C (32 °F).

The city experiences 90 days of frost per year, and 11 days with temperatures above 30 °C (86 °F).

Precipitation is relatively evenly distributed throughout the seasons, although winter and spring tend to be somewhat drier than summer and autumn.

Yearly precipitation is about 1,400 mm (55 in), making Ljubljana one of the wettest European capitals.

Thunderstorms are common from May to September and can occasionally be heavy.

Snow is common from December to February; on average, snow cover is recorded for 48 days a year.

The city is known for its fog, appearing on average on 64 days per year, mostly in autumn and winter, and can be particularly persistent in conditions of temperature inversion.

More info about Ljubljana